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sudo cp /var/lib/alsa/asound.state /var/lib/alsa/asound.statebk
Above command is to backup your asound state file before we try this edit change I my suggest out. I am just a scooter tramp so backup is essential in case my suggestion falls flat on it's face.
To check that backup is now made.
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$ cd /var/lib/alsa/
/var/lib/alsa$ ls
asound.state asound.statebk
Ok now a backup file is made in case we need to go back to the stock file. I do this all the time when I modify things like grub.fstab,resovle.conf, any root text file. That way I can take off the bk and replace the one I edited if it does not work out.
I don't run Cinnamon. I run Mate desktop which uses Pluma as a text editor. so
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gksu pluma /var/lib/alsa/asound.state
I would change
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control.35 {
face MIXER
name 'IEC958 Playback Switch'
value false <<<<<<<<<make it say true
comment {
access 'read write'
type BOOLEAN
count 1
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control.39 {
iface CARD
name 'Front Mic Jack'
value false <<<<<<<<make it say true
comment {
access read
type BOOLEAN
count 1
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control.40 {
iface CARD
name 'Rear Mic Jack'
value false <<<<<<<<<<<make it say true
comment {
access read
type BOOLEAN
count 1
Plus any other entries that say false, False stands for turned off.
http://antix.freeforums.org/eeepc-900-microphone-debian-wheezy-fix-antix-11-t3433.html
don't forget to Save the file when closing your editor in Cinnamon.
Then don't forget
Reboot just to be sure. If this poke and hope fix don't work for you. You can restore old asound.statebk by taking off bk on the end by opening your file manager with the
command. Delete the other asound.state first though before renaming the backup. I am poking and hoping in the dark on this one and I may not even be close in fixing your sound issue or not. I experiment a lot though on my gear.
Good luck with it.
Edit. As far as alsamixer not opening. I am a reckless linux user. So if me.
I know there is a bug in Debian related to http://us.generation-nt.com/answer/bug-660803-oss-compat-3-problems-udev-breaks-audio-help-211726702.html
http://lists.alioth.debian.org/pipermail/pkg-games-devel/2013-June/026691.html
oss-compat. Me, I remove it with
Then if needed. If removing oss-compat is not the culprit killing sound.
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sudo apt-get instal alsa-base apmd alsa-oss oss-compat
Like I said, I play around alot.