The following is if you want to install on your internal disk
I would recommend first of all a defragmenting of your Windows (always before changes to partitions
)Then boot your live CD and start gparted (type gp with an open menu)
This is the partition editor and you should see your partitions clearly
You already have at least three partitions that you mention
If you have a rescue partition too you may not be able to install to the disk as you must have an extended partition to carry on
You can't have more than four primary partitions an extended included
If you already have an extended partition - fine
If you only have the three Windows partitions resize and create an extended partition in which you create two logical partitions - swap and root ( / )
Swap should be twice the size of your RAM, but the sum of swap and RAM should not exceed 3 GB
Root should be at least 5 GB but better 10 GB
You could also create a separate home partition
When you've done that install and choose manual partitioning and use the partitions you just created
The partitioner in Ubiquity, the installer, is a bit tricky and does not always find it's way (but if it does - it works OK)