It is something that can be fixed. You could use Supergrub disk; and if you get the machine to boot you'll need to make sure that fstab and grub menu list are correct afterward. Or you can do this with the Live Cd and a few easy cli commands in terminal.
So as Husse and the wiki tell you, boot using the live cd. Also as Husse has written in the wiki, the disks should be mounted and if not you can do so using Gparted.
Once you have booted, and verified that the drives are mounted, open a terminal and do the following:
Where x is the location of the offending partition. This cli entry will display the UUID you need to change (note it's a good idea to run the command (sudo_vol_id /dev/partition-you-want-the-vol-id-of -u) for all the disk numbers to have them handy because you need to change those that are listed wrong in fstab (see following for ftab).
Once you have all the UUID's written down, enter the following in the terminal:
This will list the fstab file and you'll find, at the very least, that your root "/" mount point uuid in fstab is different than the one listed by the vol_id command. Replace the UUID for the offending partition or partitions with the uuid's you got from vol_id command.
Looks like fun? Actually, you'll see that many people (including me) tell you to use device names for the partitions and forget the uuid. Device names don't care about uuid volume ids. So once you get booted into your installed Linux Mint DE, you'll want to edit the grub menu list file and the fstab file as suggested in the wiki. That is unless you like trying to correctly enter those uuid values. Just get rid of them.
Here's an example fstab using the uuid. It is followed with an edit to remove the uuid for each device (partition) name. The device names are already there in the fstab file, they are commented out with the # symbol. Remove the # symbol in front of the device name, and delete the uuid; leaving the mount point and the rest of the line. Repeat for the rest of the partitions.
Example using UUID volume identifier in fstab:
# /etc/fstab: static file system information.
#
# <file system> <mount point> <type> <options> <dump> <pass>
proc /proc proc defaults 0 0
# /dev/sda1
UUID=e8e008a4-8c6b-4db0-8729-b337eb747078 / ext3 defaults,errors=remount-ro 0 1
# /dev/sda2
UUID=96493987-17df-478e-9611-05c54204502c /home ext3 defaults 0 2
# /dev/sdb1
UUID=74a5c397-c764-426e-8498-f43c8df06c1d none swap sw 0 0
/dev/hda /media/cdrom0 udf,iso9660 user,noauto,exec 0 0
/dev/hdb /media/cdrom1 udf,iso9660 user,noauto,exec 0 0
/dev/fd0 /media/floppy0 auto rw,user,noauto,exec 0 0
What the above fstab looks like after deleting the UUID volume identifier for the partition:
# /etc/fstab: static file system information.
#
# <file system> <mount point> <type> <options> <dump> <pass>
proc /proc proc defaults 0 0
/dev/sda1 / ext3 defaults,errors=remount-ro 0 1
/dev/sda2 /home ext3 defaults 0 2
/dev/sdb1 none swap sw 0 0
/dev/hda /media/cdrom0 udf,iso9660 user,noauto,exec 0 0
/dev/hdb /media/cdrom1 udf,iso9660 user,noauto,exec 0 0
/dev/fd0 /media/floppy0 auto rw,user,noauto,exec 0 0
Have fun.