cody,
Try this. Install from terminal:
sudo apt-get install i7z
This is a basic, no-frills, real-time CPU monitoring program. Once installed, and still in terminal, run
sudo i7z
.
It will scroll past a bunch of info, and end up displaying CPU speed(s) in real-time.
Example:
i7z_screenshot.png
CPU_full_speed.png
Now, with that installed and running, re-size the terminal window smaller (yet see the CPU speed) and move it towards one side of your screen. Now try to run something that will bump up CPU usage for more than a few seconds. ** Try running from the "Menu" --> Preferences --> Display. For some reason, that Display program bumps my CPU speed up from 1~2% idle, to 13%. My CPU speeds reported in i7z will go from an average of 2990, to 4080.
I had fiddled around with this PC some time ago, to try and get my CPU speeds up--they were stuck at 800Mhz (a different issue than I believe you're seeing), and was eventually able to get it to hold at max speed all the time. Through updates and a kernel change, something reverted back to what I have at the moment, and there is no visible difference in performance of continuous wide-open throttle, or governing the CPU speed. (at least with the programs I run; didn't run enough repeat benchmarks to crunch exact numbers)
I ran a pretty intensive CPU test in Phoronix test suite (to me it works better from terminal CLI than the browser page), and monitored with i7z. All CPU's were at 100%, and temperatures were getting pretty warm (I don't have water cooling), and you could also see the thermal protection periodically pull back on the CPU's that were getting hot (would put the hot CPU in 5~6% Halt for a few seconds, CPU speed would slow down to about 3600, temp would drop right away.) I am presuming this was Intels thermal protection--each CPU would do it as it reach 85C. So the point of this rambling paragraph is, also watch your CPU temperatures--I personally use/prefer psensor for that. If you have a core getting hot when loaded (due to dirt, insufficient ventilation, etc), it is possible to have some thermal protection come in to play.