This is how i compiled and installed them, after copying the kernel tar package to /usr/src;
1)
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:~# cd /usr/src
:~# tar xf linux-4.4.tar.xz
:~# ln -s linux-4.4 linux
:~# cd linux
:~# cp /boot/config-3.16.0-4-amd64 .config
:~# make silentoldconfig
:~# make menuconfig
:~# make clean
:~# make deb-pkg LOCALVERSION=-3.16.0-4-amd64 KDEB_PKGVERSION=1
:-# dpkg -i /usr/src/linux-image-4.4.0-3.16.0-4-amd64_1_amd64.deb
:-# dpkg -i /usr/src/linux-headers-4.4.0-3.16.0-4-amd64_1_amd64.deb
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:~# cd /usr/src
:~# tar xf linux-4.4.tar.xz
:~# ln -s linux-4.4 linux
:~# cd linux
:~# make menuconfig
:~# make clean
:~# make deb-pkg
Edit: Took 6 hrs 17 mins, doesn't seem to have made any difference, iwconfig still returns <eth0 no wireless extensions> <lo no wireless extensions> and i still get "microcode not found in modules.dep" at boot. I suppose i should happy that everything else works fine despite that and my system hasn't frozen yet. So much for my simple laic belief in Mint's infallibility.
Edit: Installed b43 installer and it installed the firmware blob into the kernel as a module. Now i get,
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:~$ sudo iwconfig
[sudo] password for sade:
eth0 no wireless extensions.
wlp2s0 IEEE 802.11abg ESSID:off/any
Mode:Managed Access Point: Not-Associated Tx-Power=200 dBm
Retry short limit:7 RTS thr:off Fragment thr:off
Encryption key:off
Power Management:off
lo no wireless extensions.