[Solved] External USB SSD: Fast write, extremely slow read

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SteffenD
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Posts: 16
Joined: Fri Dec 01, 2017 2:37 pm

[Solved] External USB SSD: Fast write, extremely slow read

Post by SteffenD »

Hi there,

I work with large media files (MOV, MXF, EXR Sequences etc.) a lot and last year I needed fast and portable storage for my laptop. I bought a Transcend ESD380C Portable 2TB because it's rugged, fast and got mostly positive reviews.
I successfully used it abroad and could work without a hitch. It felt just like an internal NVME SSD and the 4.6k movies ran like butter.

Now I had to revisit the project again and noticed that while the write speeds were as fast as before, the read speeds plummeted.. A LOT.
Doing a sudo hdparm -tT /dev/sda gives me this:

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/dev/sda:
 Timing cached reads:   28746 MB in  2.00 seconds = 14399.40 MB/sec
 Timing buffered disk reads:  42 MB in  3.01 seconds =  13.97 MB/sec
14MB/s reading from an SSD connected via USB-A 3.2 Gen 2 can't be true.

I tried different kernels, different cables. The drive is super fast (both read and write) when connected to another laptop and I have no idea where this could come from.

Here's an inxi -Fxxxmprz of the system:

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System:
  Kernel: 6.5.0-15-generic x86_64 bits: 64 compiler: N/A
    Desktop: Cinnamon 6.0.4 tk: GTK 3.24.33 wm: muffin dm: LightDM 1.30.0
    Distro: Linux Mint 21.3 Virginia base: Ubuntu 22.04 jammy
Machine:
  Type: Laptop System: SchenkerGmbH product: XMG NEO 15(E20, RTX 20xx)
    v: Standard serial: <superuser required>
  Mobo: SchenkerGmbH model: GM5MxxW E20 v: Standard
    serial: <superuser required> UEFI: American Megatrends v: N.1.06
    date: 10/28/2020
Battery:
  ID-1: BAT0 charge: 86.0 Wh (92.0%) condition: 93.5/93.5 Wh (100.0%)
    volts: 11.3 min: 11.4 model: standard type: Li-ion serial: <filter>
    status: Not charging
Memory:
  RAM: total: 62.69 GiB used: 8.58 GiB (13.7%)
  RAM Report:
    permissions: Unable to run dmidecode. Root privileges required.
CPU:
  Info: 8-core model: Intel Core i7-10875H bits: 64 type: MT MCP smt: enabled
    arch: Comet Lake rev: 2 cache: L1: 512 KiB L2: 2 MiB L3: 16 MiB
  Speed (MHz): avg: 2372 high: 3696 min/max: 800/5100 cores: 1: 3600
    2: 3502 3: 3691 4: 3556 5: 800 6: 800 7: 800 8: 3601 9: 3556 10: 3696
    11: 800 12: 800 13: 800 14: 800 15: 3556 16: 3597 bogomips: 73598
  Flags: avx avx2 ht lm nx pae sse sse2 sse3 sse4_1 sse4_2 ssse3 vmx
Graphics:
  Device-1: NVIDIA TU104M [GeForce RTX 2070 SUPER Mobile / Max-Q]
    vendor: Tongfang Hongkong driver: nvidia v: 535.154.05 pcie:
    speed: 2.5 GT/s lanes: 16 bus-ID: 01:00.0 chip-ID: 10de:1e91
    class-ID: 0300
  Device-2: Chicony HD Webcam type: USB driver: uvcvideo bus-ID: 1-13:6
    chip-ID: 04f2:b68b class-ID: 0e02 serial: <filter>
  Display: x11 server: X.Org v: 1.21.1.4 driver: X: loaded: nvidia
    unloaded: fbdev,modesetting,nouveau,vesa gpu: nvidia display-ID: :0
    screens: 1
  Screen-1: 0 s-res: 2560x1440 s-dpi: 96 s-size: 677x381mm (26.7x15.0")
    s-diag: 777mm (30.6")
  Monitor-1: DP-0 res: 2560x1440 hz: 180 dpi: 93
    size: 700x390mm (27.6x15.4") diag: 801mm (31.5")
  OpenGL: renderer: NVIDIA GeForce RTX 2070 Super/PCIe/SSE2
    v: 4.6.0 NVIDIA 535.154.05 direct render: Yes
Audio:
  Device-1: Intel Comet Lake PCH cAVS vendor: Tongfang Hongkong
    driver: snd_hda_intel v: kernel bus-ID: 00:1f.3 chip-ID: 8086:06c8
    class-ID: 0403
  Device-2: NVIDIA TU104 HD Audio vendor: Tongfang Hongkong
    driver: snd_hda_intel v: kernel pcie: speed: 8 GT/s lanes: 16
    bus-ID: 01:00.1 chip-ID: 10de:10f8 class-ID: 0403
  Device-3: Razer USA Kraken Tournament Edition type: USB
    driver: hid-generic,snd-usb-audio,usbhid bus-ID: 1-4.1:4 chip-ID: 1532:0520
    class-ID: 0300 serial: <filter>
  Sound Server-1: ALSA v: k6.5.0-15-generic running: yes
  Sound Server-2: PulseAudio v: 15.99.1 running: yes
  Sound Server-3: PipeWire v: 0.3.48 running: yes
Network:
  Device-1: Intel Comet Lake PCH CNVi WiFi vendor: Rivet Networks
    driver: iwlwifi v: kernel bus-ID: 00:14.3 chip-ID: 8086:06f0 class-ID: 0280
  IF: wlo1 state: up mac: <filter>
  Device-2: Realtek RTL8111/8168/8411 PCI Express Gigabit Ethernet
    vendor: Tongfang Hongkong driver: r8169 v: kernel pcie: speed: 2.5 GT/s
    lanes: 1 port: 3000 bus-ID: 04:00.0 chip-ID: 10ec:8168 class-ID: 0200
  IF: enp4s0 state: down mac: <filter>
Bluetooth:
  Device-1: Intel AX201 Bluetooth type: USB driver: btusb v: 0.8
    bus-ID: 1-14:8 chip-ID: 8087:0026 class-ID: e001
  Report: hciconfig ID: hci0 rfk-id: 0 state: up address: <filter>
    bt-v: 3.0 lmp-v: 5.2 sub-v: 20ce hci-v: 5.2 rev: 20ce
Drives:
  Local Storage: total: 2.73 TiB used: 1.71 TiB (62.7%)
  ID-1: /dev/nvme0n1 vendor: Samsung model: SSD 970 EVO Plus 1TB
    size: 931.51 GiB speed: 31.6 Gb/s lanes: 4 type: SSD serial: <filter>
    rev: 2B2QEXM7 temp: 39.9 C scheme: GPT
  ID-2: /dev/sda type: USB model: StoreJet TS2TESD380C size: 1.82 TiB
    type: N/A serial: <filter> rev: 1000 scheme: GPT
Partition:
  ID-1: / size: 915.32 GiB used: 352.73 GiB (38.5%) fs: ext4
    dev: /dev/nvme0n1p2
  ID-2: /boot/efi size: 511 MiB used: 6.1 MiB (1.2%) fs: vfat
    dev: /dev/nvme0n1p1
  ID-3: /media/steffen/Transcend size: 1.79 TiB used: 1.37 TiB (76.3%)
    fs: ext4 dev: /dev/sda1
Swap:
  ID-1: swap-1 type: file size: 8 GiB used: 0 KiB (0.0%) priority: -2
    file: /swapfile
Sensors:
  System Temperatures: cpu: 80.0 C pch: 67.0 C mobo: 80.0 C gpu: nvidia
    temp: 61 C
  Fan Speeds (RPM): N/A
Repos:
  Packages: 3010 note: see --pkg apt: 2983 flatpak: 27
  No active apt repos in: /etc/apt/sources.list
  No active apt repos in: /etc/apt/sources.list.d/additional-repositories.list
  Active apt repos in: /etc/apt/sources.list.d/cuda-ubuntu2204-x86_64.list
    1: deb [signed-by=/usr/share/keyrings/cuda-archive-keyring.gpg] https://developer.download.nvidia.com/compute/cuda/repos/ubuntu2204/x86_64/ /
  Active apt repos in: /etc/apt/sources.list.d/deadsnakes-ppa-jammy.list
    1: deb [signed-by=/etc/apt/keyrings/deadsnakes-ppa-jammy.gpg] https://ppa.launchpadcontent.net/deadsnakes/ppa/ubuntu jammy main
  Active apt repos in: /etc/apt/sources.list.d/git-core-ppa-jammy.list
    1: deb http://ppa.launchpad.net/git-core/ppa/ubuntu jammy main
    2: deb-src [signed-by=/usr/share/keyrings/git.gpg] http://ppa.launchpad.net/git-core/ppa/ubuntu jammy main
  Active apt repos in: /etc/apt/sources.list.d/google-chrome.list
    1: deb [arch=amd64] https://dl.google.com/linux/chrome/deb/ stable main
  Active apt repos in: /etc/apt/sources.list.d/inkscape_dev-stable-jammy.list
    1: deb [signed-by=/etc/apt/keyrings/inkscape_dev-stable-jammy.gpg] https://ppa.launchpadcontent.net/inkscape.dev/stable/ubuntu jammy main
  Active apt repos in: /etc/apt/sources.list.d/official-package-repositories.list
    1: deb http://packages.linuxmint.com virginia main upstream import backport
    2: deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy main restricted universe multiverse
    3: deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-updates main restricted universe multiverse
    4: deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-backports main restricted universe multiverse
    5: deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ jammy-security main restricted universe multiverse
  No active apt repos in: /etc/apt/sources.list.d/ookla_speedtest-cli.list
  No active apt repos in: /etc/apt/sources.list.d/savoury1-ffmpeg4-jammy.list
  No active apt repos in: /etc/apt/sources.list.d/savoury1-ffmpeg5-jammy.list
  Active apt repos in: /etc/apt/sources.list.d/syncthing.list
    1: deb [signed-by=/usr/share/keyrings/syncthing-archive-keyring.gpg] https://apt.syncthing.net/ syncthing candidate
  Active apt repos in: /etc/apt/sources.list.d/teams.list
    1: deb [arch=amd64] https://packages.microsoft.com/repos/ms-teams stable main
  No active apt repos in: /etc/apt/sources.list.d/xanmod-release.list
Info:
  Processes: 450 Uptime: 2h 0m wakeups: 1 Init: systemd v: 249 runlevel: 5
  Compilers: gcc: 12.3.0 alt: 11/12 Shell: Bash v: 5.1.16
  running-in: gnome-terminal inxi: 3.3.13
The internal SSD gives me this:

/dev/nvme0n1:

Code: Select all

 Timing cached reads:   40474 MB in  2.00 seconds = 20276.11 MB/sec
 Timing buffered disk reads: 5652 MB in  3.00 seconds = 1883.81 MB/sec
Last edited by SteffenD on Sun Feb 18, 2024 5:45 am, edited 1 time in total.
SteffenD
Level 1
Level 1
Posts: 16
Joined: Fri Dec 01, 2017 2:37 pm

Re: [Solved] External USB SSD: Fast write, extremely slow read

Post by SteffenD »

OK, turns out the firmware of the device was the cause.
I backed it up completely, connected it to a Windows PC to update the firmware (it's a shame almost all hardware vendors completely ignore Linux for their tools :( ), reformatted it to BTRFS because why not and put back all data back on.
Now it's reading and writing at lightspeed.

Here's the before and after benchmark comparison:
Image
Image
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